A SURVEY ON PERSONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE IN THE TRANSMISSION OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

ABSTRACT: The main aim of this study is to investigate the role of personal and environmental cleanliness in the transmission of infectious diseases. This study aims to ascertain the incidence of communicable diseases within the Kabba Local Government Area, located in Kogi State. A descriptive survey design was utilised in this study to evaluate the viewpoints of the participants. A sample size of 150 participants was chosen from Kabba Local Government Area in Kogi State.  A meticulously designed questionnaire was distributed to a sample of 150 participants, from whom a total of 141 replies were collected and then verified for the purposes of this study. The data was subjected to frequency analysis, including simple percentage calculations, as well as measures of central tendency such as mean and standard deviation.  The study's findings indicate that inadequate sanitation practises are a contributing factor to the high incidence of infectious diseases in Kabba. The modes of transmission for these diseases include direct contact with the skin or mucous membranes. The transmission of infectious agents occurs via three main routes: airborne transmission in the form of droplets or aerosol particles, contact with infected objects or surfaces, and transmission through coughing and sneezing. The study thus suggests that individuals residing in Kabba should adhere to effective personal and environmental hygiene measures, including using a tissue or sleeve to cover coughs and sneezes, minimising contact with public objects or surfaces, practising regular handwashing, and staying at home when experiencing illness.